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HOME --> CLASS MAMMALIA
--> ORDER ARTIODACTYLA
--> FAMILY Cervidae
--> SUBFAMILY Capreolinae
--> GENUS Odocoileus
SPECIES Odocoileus hemionus
| Author: | Rafinesque, 1817. | | Citation: | Am. Mon. Mag., 1: 436. | | Common Name: | Mule Deer | | Type Locality: | USA, South Dakota, mouth of Big Sioux River (Bailey, 1926:41). | | Distribution: | W Canada, Mexico (Baja California and Sonora to N Tamaulipas), W USA east to Minnesota, and Alaskan Panhandle. Introduced to Kauai (Hawaiian Isls) and Argentina. | | Status: | U.S. ESA – Endangered as O. h. cedrocensis [sic; = cerrosensis]; IUCN – Endangered as O. h. cerrosensis, otherwise Lower Risk (lc). | | Comments: | Revised by Cowan (1936); reviewed by Anderson and Wallmo (1984, Mammalian Species, 219) and Geist (1998). The species can be partitioned into the columbianus division or Black-tailed Deer (including also sitkensis) and the nominate hemionus division or Mule Deer sensu stricto (including also californicus, cerrosensis, eremicus, fuliginatus, inyoensis, peninsulae, and sheldoni). Dorcelaphus crooki Mearns, 1897 is based on a hybrid between O. virginianus and O. hemionus (Heffelfinger, 2000). |
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