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HOME --> CLASS MAMMALIA
--> ORDER PERISSODACTYLA
--> FAMILY Equidae
--> GENUS Equus
SPECIES Equus hemionus
| Author: | Pallas, 1775. | | Citation: | Nova Comm. Imp. Acad. Sci. Petrop., 19: 394. | | Common Name: | Onager | | Type Locality: | "ad Lacum Tarei Dauuriae", i.e. Russia, Transbaikalia, S Chitinsk. Obl., Tarei-Nor, 50°N, 115°E. | | Distribution: | Formerly much of Mongolia, north to Transbaikalia (Russia); east to NE Inner Mongolia (China) and possibly W Manchuria (China); and west to Dzhungarian Gate. Survives in SW and SC Mongolia and adjacent China; see Sokolov and Orlov (1980:248). Also formerly Kazakhstan north to upper Irtysh and Ural Rivers (Russia); westward north of the Caucasus and Black Sea at least to Dniestr River (Ukraine); Anatolia, Syria, and SE of Caspian Sea in N Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan to Thar Desert of NW India; survives as isolated populations in Rann of Kutch (India), Badkhys Preserve, Turkmenistan, and C Iran; also reestablished on Barsa-Khelmes Isl (Aral Sea, Uzbekistan); until 17th-18th centuries in Armenia and Azerbaidjan. | | Status: | CITES – Appendix I as E. h. hemionus, E. onager and E. onager khur; otherwise Appendix II; U.S. ESA – Endangered; IUCN – Extinct E. h. hemippus, Critically Endangered as E. h. onager and E. h. kulan, Endangered as E. h. khur, Vulnerable as E. hemionus, E. h. hemionus and E. h. luteus. | | Comments: | Revised by Groves and Mazák (1967), Groves (1986), and Schlawe (1986), who included onager in hemionus. Bennett (1980) considered onager (including hemippus, khur, and kulan) to be a distinct species. Nominate subspecies is also known by common name Kulan or Dzigetai; luteus doubtfully separable from it. Groves (2003) considered khur as a species separate from E. hemionus. |
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