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SPECIES Diceros bicornis

Author:Linnaeus, 1758.
Citation:Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1: 56.
Common Name:Black Rhinoceros
Type Locality:"Habitat in India", now identified as South Africa, Western Cape Prov., Cape of Good Hope.
Distribution:Formerly in S Angola, Botswana, Burundi, N Cameroon, Central African Republic, S Dem. Rep. Congo, S Chad, N Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, SE Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe; possibly more widespread in Niger, extending to Benin and Côte d’Ivoire, within historic times (Blancou, 1960; Sayer and Green, 1984). Very much reduced in numbers, particularly in recent decades of 20th century, and probably now extinct in many countries which it formerly occupied. Survives in reserves in Kenya, Tanzania, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), and possibly still in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, Rwanda, Malawi, Mozambique, Angola, and Botswana; widely reintroduced into parts of South Africa (Cumming et al., 1990).
Status:CITES – Appendix I; U.S. ESA – Endangered; IUCN – Vulnerable as D. b. bicornis, Critically Endangered as D. bicornis and subspecifically as D. b. longipes, D. b. michaeli, and D. b. minor.
Comments:Revised by Groves (1967b) and Prins (1990). Zukowsky's names are dated 1965 not 1964 (Rookmaaker, 1983). Reviewed by Hillman-Smith and Groves (1994, Mammalian Species, 455). Rhinoceros kulumane Player, 1972 is referable to Ceratotherium, not Diceros (Ansell, 1989). The type of Rhinoceros cucullatus Wagner, 1835 has been referred to this species but was regarded as an artefact by Zukowsky (1965).
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Offspring:

SUBSPECIES bicornis

SUBSPECIES brucii

SUBSPECIES chobiensis

SUBSPECIES longipes

SUBSPECIES michaeli

SUBSPECIES minor

Synonyms:


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